Research on AI-driven reconstruction of special education system and paths of psychological healing
人工智能驱动特殊教育体系重构与心理疗愈路径研究

摘要

在教育强国建设的时代背景下，教育数字化战略和“人工智能+教育”行动计划正在如火如荼地实施，数智技术在特殊教育、无障碍教育等领域应用愈发多样，并促进人工智能与教育深度广泛融合。国家“十五五”规划明确指出要推进基础教育扩优提质，健全特殊教育、专门教育保障机制；提升残疾人保障和发展能力，深入推进科技助残，加强公共设施、信息交流、社会服务无障碍环境建设。《特殊教育发展提升“十五五”行动计划》指出要加大人工智能、大数据、虚拟现实等新技术在特殊教育的应用，支持将人工智能技术融入特殊教育教学全要素全过程，为残疾学生在校学习和生活提供无障碍支持服务，重视和加强分类心理健康教育服务，着力提高特殊教育质量。本文系统梳理当前人工智能赋能特殊教育的现实困境与内在逻辑，并在此基础上构建人工智能驱动特殊教育体系重构机制，提出人工智能赋能特殊群体心理疗愈的实现路径，以期为人工智能赋能特殊教育发展和数字化、智能化教学改革提供理论研究参考与实践借鉴。

Abstract

In the context of building China into a leading country in education, the Education Digitalization Strategy and “AI + Education” action plan are being actively implemented. The application of digital and intelligent technologies in fields such as special education and accessible education has become increasingly diverse, facilitating the deeper and broader integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with education. China’s 15th Five-Year Plan explicitly proposes promoting the expansion and quality improvement of basic education, establishing protection mechanisms for special education and specialized education; enhancing the protection and development capacities for persons with disabilities, deeply advancing disability assistance with science and technology, and strengthening the construction of accessible environments in public facilities, information exchange, and social services. The 15th Five-Year Plan for the development and improvement of special education calls for expanding the application of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and virtual reality in special education, supporting the integration of artificial intelligence technology into all elements and the entire process of special education teaching, providing accessible support services for the learning and life of students with disabilities in schools, paying attention to and strengthening classified mental health education services, and striving to improve the quality of special education. This paper systematically reviews the current practical difficulties and inherent logic of AI-empowered special education, constructs a mechanism for AI-driven reconstruction of special education systems on this basis, and proposes paths for AI-empowered psychological healing for special groups, with the aim of providing theoretical research references and practical experience for the development of special education empowered by artificial intelligence and the reform of digital and intelligent teaching.