Research on the employment status and development path of acupuncture and tuina graduates from the perspective of primary healthcare-- empirical analysis based on 117 questionnaires from Guangzhou health science college
基层医疗视域下针推毕业生就业现状与发展路径研究——基于广州卫生职业技术学院117份问卷的实证分析

摘要

本研究以广州卫生职业技术学院针灸推拿专业近五届毕业生为研究对象，通过117份有效问卷与12人深度访谈的混合研究方法，系统揭示基层中医技术人才的职业发展生态。研究发现毕业生呈现显著的三高特征：专业岗位对口率高达72.55%，社区卫生服务机构就业集中度达34.31%，核心技能应用率超65%。同时暴露两大发展困境：63%的从业者遭遇学历晋升壁垒，83.33%缺乏继续教育支持。针对人才培养中实践能力断层、经典传承缺失、基础医学薄弱三重结构性矛盾，提出建立阶梯式能力培养模型、创新校院协同机制、构建学历职业双通道等改革路径。研究成果为中医药职业教育供给侧改革提供实证依据。

Abstract

This study takes graduates from the acupuncture and tuina major at Guangzhou Health Vocational and Technical College over the past five years as the research subjects. Through a mixed research method involving 117 valid questionnaires and in-depth interviews with 12 individuals, it systematically reveals the career development ecosystem of grassroots traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) technical talents. The study finds that graduates exhibit significant "three high" characteristics: a high professional job matching rate of 72.55%, a high employment concentration rate in community health service institutions of 34.31%, and a high core skill application rate exceeding 65%. At the same time, two major development dilemmas are exposed: 63% of practitioners encounter barriers to academic promotion, and 83.33% lack support for continuing education. In response to the triple structural contradictions of practical ability gaps, lack of classical inheritance, and weak basic medicine in talent cultivation, reform paths such as establishing a tiered ability cultivation model, innovating a school-hospital collaboration mechanism, and constructing a dual channel for academic and professional development are proposed. The research findings provide empirical evidence for the supply-side reform of TCM vocational education.